Areas of the film industry

1a.Development
This is were every films begins its journey, the development stage is concerned with obtaining the finances to produce the film and getting the right crew to produce the film. In this category it is broken down into  more categories which are as follows: 

• Every film has a motive, a message or emotion they want the audience to feel. In order to do so there needs to be a source of inspiration, whether it is a real life event, a remake or an adaptation . Many films such as  The Pianist, Schindler's List are based on the horrific events of World War 2 . Some ideas come from newspapers or some are original, the issues that may occur with an original idea is protecting it from copyright, producers take our insurance policies so that they are protected if they are sued. 
• Producers such as Steven Spielberg, Jerry Bruckheimer and many more play a significant role as they decide whether the film is appropriate and see if there is an audience for that kind of film. Producers are involved with all aspects of the film including financial and creative side. It is there responsibility to ensure that the film makes it to the big screen, they have to ensure that the story line is something that can be financed. A producer will usually co-operate with the writer to improve the story line or they will obtain the rights to the story line and employ a writer. Producers need to be highly educated in all aspects of the film industry and need to be good strategists and have a good business acumen.  
• The Director is more involved with the creative development of the film and works with the producer to develop the idea further into something that can be captured by camera. They have more of an insight as to how they want the final product to look like. It can be said that the director is the bridge between the creativity and production. The role of Director and Producer is not always two people, in many cases the Director is the Producer or the Writer such as Steven Spielberg. 
• The Writer is the the final component in the development of a film, once there is a Producer, Director and Writer the process of idea development can commence. The writer is a vital element as he is responsible for the characters and the plot. The Writer is responsible for the treatment a process were the writer will explain and describe the characters and the plot of the film. The writer must ensure that it fits a certain genre e.g. Horror, Comedy or Action, and the reader should experience the feelings of that specific genre. 
• Another stage in development and on of the most important is the Pitch. This is were all the information that pertains to the film is gathered and analysed and will be showed to the financiers who will pay for the film. It will tell the financiers the genre, market , the people involved in the project a rough budget and a  brief synopsis. The funding is needed to aid the producer and writer, this is known as development funding. The Producer will go to different pitches and attempt to convince different potential funders that the idea will be a success and will urge them to invest in the idea.

1b. Development Finance                                                                                                                                               

This is were the rough idea is taken and the idea if finalized and is also at this stage were the Producer goes to different production companies to gain funding from a production company. 

• Production companies may offer development money to develop the script in return production companies ask for the rights to be involved in the production of the film and a percentage on the profits.
• Sales companies also offer development money if they feel that the project has potential and will help sell and advertise the film. The Producer can then tell the Production companies that they already have a sales company backing them and this will persuade them to fund the film. 
• A Producer can also pitch their idea to the UK Film council, a public funding body. They are responsible for improving scripts and one can say expose many controversial issues and discover raw talent. 
•  Private investors are similar to production companies but are harder to persuade as they are more independent and in return they demand a large cut in profits and are very much involved with the making of the film. 

1c. Script Development 

Once the Producer has obtained the development funds its now time for the script to receive some attention and the writer now has to deliver the product.  

• A Synopsis is a very brief outline of the film, play or a novel, and explains what will be shown on the screen it helps the writer and producer see that they have the significant parts in the story. The producer and the writer must be on the same wave length and both acknowledge what kind of film they are making. 
• Some writers use a step outline to assist them when writing this process features short descriptions of the scenes, how the characters develop and progress and many important elements are wrote down to create a picture in the writers mind and shows what is going to happen in chronological order.
•  Film scripts contain more than the dialogue they feature the actions, events that will be seen on the screen. All the scripts a writer produces must be formatted and all have a specific text, font, page layout and terminology and these must not be changed. In order for a first draft to be successful it must describe what will appear on screen. Once the writer has finished writing the first draft it is sent off to the financiers who will analyse it and have there own idea they would like to incorporate, this is were the script editor comes in to assist the writer in any problems they may encounter 
• Once the Director, Producer and writer are pleased with the script it becomes a final draft and  it is ready for the next stage. The writer is then paid a fee for the delivery of the final draft. The Producer writes a sales treatment that is based on the final draft script and is sent to potential financiers, it acts like an advert that sell the film to them. once the producer has a sales treatment he is able to create a rough budget, this is a rough estimate on how much funding they require. 

1d. Packaging 

Here is were the Producer begins to add more elements to the project to make it more appealing to possible financiers, because at the moment all that  is present is a final draft, a sales treatment and a rough budget.

•  One way Producers make a film more commercial is by getting famous stars to feature in the film. This makes the film more commercial. They can be very expensive and can blow the whole budget of a film.  Producers have to ensure they have the right actors, if they do not this can result in the film not being made. 
• Before anything is filmed or made the producer needs to work out how much the film is going to cost exactly and how long it will take to shoot the film. The budget will tell the producers how and what he will spend money on. 
• Once all this information is gathered and completed the producer has a complete package. Now he must produce this to potential financiers. 

1e. Financing

• The producer must travel to secure an investment, now he has the complete package he is able to attract financiers. 
• Once investors are interested contracts are drawn up to negotiate the profit and the percentage that will be taken by the production company or private investor. 
• After all the funding and insurance is secured and sealed the Producer is given the 'green light' and  is able to begin filming. 

2a. Production

Now all the finances are secured the actors and crew are all hired and filming can now begin. 

• The cast director will begin to select who they want to feature in the film.On average they are usually around thirty characters in  a film. 
• Storyboard artists are employed to map out how and what will be shot, it is vital that what is drawn is exactly what will be seen on the final product. 
• Production designers are responsible for how the set will look and what will be on set (Mise En Scene) and hire people to create the sets for the shots. Sometimes not all the sets need to be built for this there is a location manager who goes around looking for ideal sets to film. 
• There is also special effects planning which is done using physical and digital technology (green screens) and uses models and animatronics.

2b. The Shoot 

• It is here were the funding is released and the key moment when the film is about to be filmed. On set will be the gaffer, sets up the lighting, the producer, the insurers who will monitor the progress of the shooting a photographer, the director, the sound and lighting team and paramedics in case of any injury and finally the property manager who is responsible for all the props. 
•  When filming the visual effects there is a supervisor who ensure that the shot goes according to the Pre-production plan and everything is in position properly.  

2c. Post- Production

Post production begins as soon as the first day of shooting commences and visual and audio are available.

• The assistant editor puts all the footage together and makes it available for the editor and the director can see if a scene works or need to be filmed again. if the shots work sound effects and music are added. 
• A composer works with the director to write a musical score to go along with what is happening on scene. Then a sound editor takes all the music mixes it, adjusts all the levels and creates an arrangement that is then solidified and mastered. 
• Digital effects are added (CGI) to emphasis to their performances.
• Finally the credits are added by a digital compositor.After this the Tecline director a.k.a the Colorist ensures that all the shots have the same composition and grade. 
• Once the film is complete it is ready for duplication and the sound mix is synchronized with the picture. 

3a. Sales

• Now the film is complete it is ready to be sold, the producer will take the film to a sales agent who will be working in-between the producer and distributor and will asses the product. 
• To sell the film to the audience a trailer is released, if a trailer looks appealing it will guarantee a good opening weekend. In order for a trailer to be successful  it must contain all the key elements of the story
• A sales agent will produce a sales  and will predict how the film will perform in the box office based on the advertising and sales strategy they have used. 
• Th stars of the film are always the most marketable part of a film package and are constantly being interviewed and are used to raise film awareness
• After this is complete the producer can go and negotiate deals with distributors. 

3b. Marketing

• To help sell the film to distributors, the producer obtains a sales agent and they begin to decide how to market the film and come up with different methods of marketing e.g. posters, trailers, guerrilla marketing, viral marketing, word of mouth and many other methods.
• It is important that the marketing team know who their audience and are able to target them specifically to do so they create a 'heat' over the film by advertising on television, newspapers, teashells and on radio, these are known as the more traditional and conventional ways of marketing.  

4a.Exhibition

• The celebrities are a huge advantage when it comes to selling films and have many fans who enjoy watching and viewing their films. 
• Data is collected on the film and analysed to see how well it performed in the box office. If It has performed poorly it is cancelled. 
• Most of the money goes to the exhibitors who screen the film. 
• After the distributors have been paid the financiers are able to recover their profits. 

4b.Other Windows

• If a film does well in the cinema it is then open to more lucrative channels such as DVD/Video and gaming. 
• After the film has made its profit back the main people who created the film are able to take their share of the profit.